Переоцінка деяких даних щодо правління фарських Атабегів у творі Абдулли Ширазі “Таджзіят Аль-Амсар Ва-Тазжіят Аль-Асар” (або Таріх-І Вассаф)
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Анотація
Провінція Фарс, інтегрована до складу Сельджуцької імперії внаслідок міграцій огузько-тюркських племен, адмініструвалася тюркської владою протягом майже двох століть і зберігала значне стратегічне та культурне значення протягом середньовічного періоду. За часів султана Сельджуків Алп-Арслана (1063–1072) провінція адмініструвалася призначеними наїбами протягом вісімдесяти п’яти років, забезпечуючи відносну стабільність, проте стикалася з викликами у вигляді внутрішніх повстань, місцевих сил, таких як Шабанкара, та зовнішніх суперників, зокрема Сельджуків Керману. Ослаблення влади Сельджуків, разом із подальшим заселенням огузько-туркменських племен, сприяло піднесенню Атабеїв Салгурів (або Салурів), які протягом приблизно 120 років правили Фарсом незалежно. Їхнє управління відзначалося політичною консолідацією, економічним зростанням та культурним піднесенням. Архітектурні та інфраструктурні проєкти – включно з медресе, мечетями, караван-сараями, мостами, базарами та лікарнями – сприяли розвитку міського життя, підтримці науки та мистецтв і зміцненню Фарсу як регіонального центру. Спираючись головним чином на джерело Абдулли Ширазі “Таджзіят аль-Амсар ва-Тазжіят аль-Асар (Таріх-і Вассаф)” та інші сучасні джерела, дослідження повторно оцінює політичний, соціальний та культурний розвиток регіону. Особлива увага приділяється прагматичній політиці Атабеїв Салгурів у період монгольських вторгнень, збереженню місцевого управління та стабільності, одночасно сприяючи економічному й культурному розвитку. Результати демонструють, що династія Салгурів не лише відновила політичний порядок, а й започаткувала тривалі трансформації культурного та матеріального життя Фарсу, залишивши спадок, який тривав і після її занепаду. Дослідження робить внесок у глибше розуміння Фарсу як активного політичного, соціального та культурного центру за правління Сельджуків та Салгуридів, підкреслюючи значення провінції у ширшому контексті середньовічної тюркської історії.
Як цитувати
Байрамлі, З., & Пашаоглу (Насіров), Н. (2026). Переоцінка деяких даних щодо правління фарських Атабегів у творі Абдулли Ширазі “Таджзіят Аль-Амсар Ва-Тазжіят Аль-Асар” (або Таріх-І Вассаф). Сходознавство, (97), 51–82. https://doi.org/10.15407/skhodoznavstvo2026.97.051
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Ключові слова
Атабеї Фарсу, Салгуриди, Сельджуцька імперія, огузько-туркменські племена, Абдулла Ширазі, Таріх-і Вассаф
Посилання
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Spuler B. (1987), “Atābakān-e Fārs”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. 2, Fasc. 8, London, pp. 894–6.
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Bosworth C. E. (1968), “The Political and Dynastic history of the Iranian world”, in J. A. Boyle (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 5, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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Bosworth C. E. (2011), The History of the Seljuq State: A Translation with Commentary of the Akhbar al-dawla al-saljuqiyya, Routledge, London.
Bosworth E. (1995), “Salghurids”, in The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Vol. VIII, E. J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 978–9.
Bruno de Nicola (2017), Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206–1335, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
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Elliot H. M. and Dowson J. (eds) (1930), The History of India as Told by Its Own Historians, Vol. III, Delhi, pp. 27–54.
Jackson P. (2002), “Wassāf”, in P. J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Vol. XI: W–Z, Brill, Leiden, p. 174.
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Kafesoğlu İ. (1984), Harezmşahlar Devleti Tarihi, TTK Yayınları, Ankara.
Lane G. (2003), Early Mongol rule in Thirteenth-century Iran, Routledge Curzon, London and New York.
Merçil E. (1991), Fars Atabegleri Salgurlular, Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, Ankara.
Merçil E. (2009), “Salgurlular”, in TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, Vol. 36, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, pp. 29–31.
Merçil E. (2013), Müslüman-Türk devletleri tarihi, Bilge Kültür Sanat.
Özgüdenli O. G. (2006), “İlhanlı Tarihine Ait Yeni Bir Kaynak: Târîh-i Vassâf’ın Müellif Nüshası”, TTK Belleten, Vol. LXX, Issue 258, pp. 501–22.
Özgüdenli O. G. (2012), “Vassâf”, TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. TDV İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi, Cilt 42, pp. 558–9, available at: https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/vassaf (accessed 30 November 2025).
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Rashiduddin Faḍlullāh (1998), Jamiʻuʾt-tawarikh. Compendium of chronicles: A history of the Mongols, Vols I–III, translated by W. M. Thackston, Harvard University, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Harvard.
“Salghurids” (1995), In C. E. Bosworth (ed.), The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. VIII, E. J. Brill, Leiden, p. 979.
Spuler B. (1987), “Atābakān-e Fārs”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. 2, Fasc. 8, London, pp. 894–6.
Spuler B. (2011), İran Moğolları, translated by C. Köprülü, Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınevi, Ankara.
Uygur T. (2021), “Şebânkâreler ve Selçuklular Zamanında Fars Bölgesindeki Faaliyetleri”, USAD, No. 14 (Bahar), pp. 195–230.
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